Subject and Background: Position the subject two feet forward of a neutral, light colored wall that is non-shiny. Avoid white or black walls or polished paneling.

Camera Height and Aiming: The camera lens is at a height equal to the subject’s nose and is aimed level. Don’t look downward at short subjects or upward for tall subjects.

Suggested Views: Front and side views are made from the same distance. Full length views are made (where mode of dress is significant) by using a 50mm lens at a distance of ten feet.

Film Choice: Conventional color negative films are often used so that color prints can be made. Instant print material, in black and white or color, are ideal when immediate prints are needed. Color slides are not often used for ID photos, unless they are being used in a slide-projected "line-up" system.

Using electronic flash: A single flash unit placed two feet above the camera (aimed down towards the subject) can be used.

Better lighting is produced by positioning the flash unit 45 degrees off to one side and elevating it. This produces a more dominant lighting effect revealing the person’s features.

A large white card (24" by 30") is placed on the shadow side of the subject to reflect light into the shadows.

Beware of reflection (glare) problems on the shadow side of the subject to reflect light into the shadows.

OTF autoflash can provide for proper exposure. Flash units whit sensors on them will produce proper exposure when the flash is on or near the viewing axis of the camera.

When used from a distance of 7 feet, a typical exposure with a flash unit that has a guide number of 160 (full power) with ISO 400 film, is f/11when used at ½ power output or with one layer of white handkerchief when used at full power.

In Daylight:

Select a location with a non-distracting blank and neutral background. Look for a light quality that is bright, soft and directional (bright, open shadow areas). Harsh sunlight is not desirable unless fill-in flash is used.

Built-in metering will provide for proper exposure if the background reflects an average amount of light.